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Finnish Pension System
Pensions
Overview of pensions
System Description
Current information on pensions and taxation
Earnings-related Pension Benefits
Old-age Pension
Partial Old-age Pension
Disability Pension
Years-of-service Pension
Survivors’ Pension
Supplementary Pensions
Pension Coverage and Insurance
Wage-earners
Self-employed
FAQs on YEL insurance
Farmers and Grant Recipients
Determining the life expectancy coefficient and retirement age
Life expectancy coefficient and how it is determined
Impact on Pensions
Determining the retirement age for the old-age pension
FAQs on life expectancy coefficient and life expectancy
Pension Indexation
Security through Indexation
Earnings-related Pension Indexes
History of pension indexes
Index development
National pension
Benefits under the Workers’ Compensation Act and the Motor Liability Insurance Act
Taxation of pensions
Financing and Investments
Financing Principles
Financing Technique
Contributions in Relation to Assets and Investments
Year-by-year changes in financing
Money Flows
Pension Contributions
Private Sector
Public Sector
Self-employed
Contribution Levels
Disability Pension Contributions
Division of Costs
Investments
Pension Assets (Private Sector)
Return Requirements of Pension Funds
Solidity of Pension Providers
Investment Allocations, Realized Returns and Solvency Ratios
Public sector earnings-related pension investments
Administration and Supervision
Tripartite Negotiations
Parties to the Pension Scheme
Finnish Centre for Pensions
Pension Insurance Companies
Industry-wide Pension Funds
Company Pension Funds
Special Pension Providers
Public-sector Pension Providers
National Pension Scheme and the Social Insurance Institution
Service and IT Companies
Working Groups
Supervision of Pension Scheme
Regulation of Pension Scheme
Earnings-related Pension Acts
Actuarial Principles and Insurance Conditions
Regulating Pension Insurance
International Coordination
Regulatory Mechanisms
Pension Reforms
Topical Development Projects
Pension reform preparations 2023–2025
Previous Pension Reforms
Year-by-Year Changes
Pension Reform in 2017
Pension Reform in 2005
TEL-LEL pension system 1962
Pensioners’ income level
Average Pensions
Replacement Ratio
Work and Pensions Abroad
Insurance While Working Abroad
Remote work and work abroad
Remote work in Finland for a foreign employer
What is an A1 Certificate
Apply for an A1 Certificate
Examples
Salary for Insurance Purposes
Maximum Time Limits
From Finland Abroad
Working in an EU Country
Working in a Social Security Agreement Country
Working in a Non-agreement Country
Brexit and working abroad
Corona and working abroad
To Finland from Abroad
Foreign Workers in Finland
Social Insurance Contributions in Finland
Short conference and business trips
FAQs on Working Abroad
Contact Information, Insuring work abroad
Pensions from Abroad
Claiming a Pension from Abroad
International Cooperation
FAQs on How to Claim a Pension from Abroad
Contact Information, International pension matters
International Comparisons
Retirement Ages
Effective Retirement Age and employment rates
Financing and Investments
Pension Assets and Contributions
Investment Return on Pension Assets in 2023
Pension Expenditure and Projections
Indexing Internationally
Pension Ceilings
Pensioners’ Income Level Internationally
Pension Levels
Pensioner Poverty
Average Pensions in Europe
EU Cooperation
Expert Networks
Services for Experts
Joint registers and information system services
Register Descriptions
Research, Statistics and Projections
Research
Research activities of the Finnish Centre for Pensions
Research on working life and its development
Research on retirement
Research on pension adequacy
Research on the financial sustainability of the pension system
Questionnaire surveys
Ongoing Research Projects
Findings from our research
Disability pensions and work ability
Impacts of 2017 and 2005 pension reforms
Pensioners’ economic wellbeing
Knowing pensions and trust in pension system
Researchers
Research Cooperation
Research Publications
Research Seminars
Conference 2019
Conference 2018
Conference 2017
Pro Gradu Award for Master’s thesis on pensions
Statistics
Key Figures
Effective Retirement Age
Previous releases
Statistics on Pensioners in Finland
Previous releases
Earnings-related Pension Recipients in Finland
Previous releases
Working in Retirement
New Pension Benefits and the Pension Reform
Previous releases
Persons Insured for an Earnings-related Pension in Finland
Previous releases
Statistics on Insurance for Work Abroad and Posted Workers
Previous releases
Pension Applications
Pension Applications Forwarded Abroad
Previous releases
Rehabilitation
Previous releases
Labour years ratio
Total Expenditure on Pensions
Previous releases
Financing of Pensions
Cash flows of the earnings-related pension system
TyEL assets and cash flows
Financial statement and cost of division figures
Time series
Statistical Database
Release Calendar 2024
Release Calendar 2025
Contact Information, Statistics
Projections
Long-term Projections
Latest Projections
Assumptions of Projections
Description of projection model
Microsimulation Model ELSI
Contact Information, Projections
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Finnish Centre for Pensions – Central body of and expert on statutory earnings-related pensions